systemd/test/units/TEST-46-HOMED.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
# shellcheck disable=SC2016,SC2209

set -eux
set -o pipefail

# Check if homectl is installed, and if it isn't bail out early instead of failing
if ! command -v homectl >/dev/null; then
    echo "no homed" >/skipped
    exit 77
fi

inspect() {
    # As updating disk-size-related attributes can take some time on some
    # filesystems, let's drop these fields before comparing the outputs to
    # avoid unexpected fails. To see the full outputs of both homectl &
    # userdbctl (for debugging purposes) drop the fields just before the
    # comparison.
    local USERNAME="${1:?}"
    homectl inspect "$USERNAME" | tee /tmp/a
    userdbctl user "$USERNAME" | tee /tmp/b

    # diff uses the grep BREs for pattern matching
    diff -I '^\s*Disk \(Size\|Free\|Floor\|Ceiling\|Usage\):' /tmp/{a,b}
    rm /tmp/{a,b}

    homectl inspect --json=pretty "$USERNAME"
}

wait_for_exist() {
    timeout 2m bash -c "until homectl inspect '${1:?}'; do sleep 2; done"
}

wait_for_state() {
    timeout 2m bash -c "until homectl inspect '${1:?}' | grep -qF 'State: $2'; do sleep 2; done"
}

FSTYPE="$(stat --file-system --format "%T" /)"

systemctl start systemd-homed.service systemd-userdbd.socket

# Create a tmpfs to use as backing store for the home dir. That way we can enforce a size limit nicely.
mkdir -p /home
mount -t tmpfs tmpfs /home -o size=290M

# Make sure systemd-homed takes notice of the overmounted /home/
systemctl kill -sUSR1 systemd-homed

TMP_SKEL=$(mktemp -d)
echo hogehoge >"$TMP_SKEL"/hoge

# we enable --luks-discard= since we run our tests in a tight VM, hence don't
# needlessly pressure for storage. We also set the cheapest KDF, since we don't
# want to waste CI CPU cycles on it. We also effectively disable rate-limiting on
# the user by allowing 1000 logins per second
NEWPASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl create test-user \
           --disk-size=min \
           --luks-discard=yes \
           --image-path=/home/test-user.home \
           --luks-pbkdf-type=pbkdf2 \
           --luks-pbkdf-time-cost=1ms \
           --rate-limit-interval=1s \
           --rate-limit-burst=1000 \
           --skel="$TMP_SKEL"
inspect test-user

PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl authenticate test-user

PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl activate test-user
inspect test-user

PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl update test-user --real-name="Inline test"
inspect test-user

homectl deactivate test-user
inspect test-user

PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s NEWPASSWORD=yPN4N0fYNKUkOq homectl passwd test-user
inspect test-user

PASSWORD=yPN4N0fYNKUkOq homectl activate test-user
inspect test-user

SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL=debug PASSWORD=yPN4N0fYNKUkOq NEWPASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl passwd test-user
inspect test-user

homectl deactivate test-user
inspect test-user

homectl update test-user --real-name "Offline test" --offline
inspect test-user

PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl activate test-user
inspect test-user

# Ensure that the offline changes were propagated in
grep "Offline test" /home/test-user/.identity

homectl deactivate test-user
inspect test-user

PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl update test-user --real-name="Inactive test"
inspect test-user

PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl activate test-user
inspect test-user

homectl deactivate test-user
inspect test-user

# Do some keyring tests, but only on real kernels, since keyring access inside of containers will fail
# (See: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/17606)
if ! systemd-detect-virt -cq ; then
    PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl activate test-user
    inspect test-user

    # Key should now be in the keyring
    homectl update test-user --real-name "Keyring Test"
    inspect test-user

    # These commands shouldn't use the keyring
    (! timeout 5s homectl authenticate test-user )
    (! NEWPASSWORD="foobar" timeout 5s homectl passwd test-user )

    homectl lock test-user
    inspect test-user

    # Key should be gone from keyring
    (! timeout 5s homectl update test-user --real-name "Keyring Test 2" )

    PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl unlock test-user
    inspect test-user

    # Key should have been re-instantiated into the keyring
    homectl update test-user --real-name "Keyring Test 3"
    inspect test-user

    homectl deactivate test-user
    inspect test-user
fi

# Do some resize tests, but only if we run on real kernels and are on btrfs, as quota inside of containers
# will fail and minimizing while active only works on btrfs.
if ! systemd-detect-virt -cq && [[ "$FSTYPE" == "btrfs" ]]; then
    # grow while inactive
    PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl resize test-user 300M
    inspect test-user

    # minimize while inactive
    PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl resize test-user min
    inspect test-user

    PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl activate test-user
    inspect test-user

    # grow while active
    PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl resize test-user max
    inspect test-user

    # minimize while active
    PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl resize test-user 0
    inspect test-user

    # grow while active
    PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl resize test-user 300M
    inspect test-user

    # shrink to original size while active
    PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl resize test-user 256M
    inspect test-user

    # minimize again
    PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl resize test-user min
    inspect test-user

    # Increase space, so that we can reasonably rebalance free space between to home dirs
    mount /home -o remount,size=800M

    # create second user
    NEWPASSWORD=uuXoo8ei homectl create test-user2 \
           --disk-size=min \
           --luks-discard=yes \
           --image-path=/home/test-user2.home \
           --luks-pbkdf-type=pbkdf2 \
           --luks-pbkdf-time-cost=1ms \
           --rate-limit-interval=1s \
           --rate-limit-burst=1000
    inspect test-user2

    # activate second user
    PASSWORD=uuXoo8ei homectl activate test-user2
    inspect test-user2

    # set second user's rebalance weight to 100
    PASSWORD=uuXoo8ei homectl update test-user2 --rebalance-weight=100
    inspect test-user2

    # set first user's rebalance weight to quarter of that of the second
    PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl update test-user --rebalance-weight=25
    inspect test-user

    # synchronously rebalance
    homectl rebalance
    inspect test-user
    inspect test-user2

    wait_for_state test-user2 active
    homectl deactivate test-user2
    wait_for_state test-user2 inactive
    homectl remove test-user2
fi

PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl with test-user -- test ! -f /home/test-user/xyz
(! PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl with test-user -- test -f /home/test-user/xyz)
PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl with test-user -- touch /home/test-user/xyz
PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl with test-user -- test -f /home/test-user/xyz
PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl with test-user -- rm /home/test-user/xyz
PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl with test-user -- test ! -f /home/test-user/xyz
(! PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl with test-user -- test -f /home/test-user/xyz)
[[ $(PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl with test-user -- stat -c %U /home/test-user/hoge) == "test-user" ]]
[[ $(PASSWORD=xEhErW0ndafV4s homectl with test-user -- cat /home/test-user/hoge) == "$(cat "$TMP_SKEL"/hoge)" ]]

# Regression tests
wait_for_state test-user inactive
/usr/lib/systemd/tests/unit-tests/manual/test-homed-regression-31896 test-user

wait_for_state test-user inactive
homectl remove test-user

# blob directory tests
# See docs/USER_RECORD_BLOB_DIRS.md
checkblob() {
    test -f "/var/cache/systemd/home/blob-user/$1"
    stat -c "%u %#a" "/var/cache/systemd/home/blob-user/$1" | grep "^0 0644"
    test -f "/home/blob-user/.identity-blob/$1"
    stat -c "%u %#a" "/home/blob-user/.identity-blob/$1" | grep "^12345 0644"

    diff "/var/cache/systemd/home/blob-user/$1" "$2"
    diff "/var/cache/systemd/home/blob-user/$1" "/home/blob-user/.identity-blob/$1"
}

mkdir /tmp/blob1 /tmp/blob2
echo data1 blob1 >/tmp/blob1/test1
echo data1 blob2 >/tmp/blob2/test1
echo data2 blob1 >/tmp/blob1/test2
echo data2 blob2 >/tmp/blob2/test2
echo invalid filename >/tmp/blob1/файл
echo data3 >/tmp/external-test3
echo avatardata >/tmp/external-avatar
ln -s /tmp/external-avatar /tmp/external-avatar-lnk
dd if=/dev/urandom of=/tmp/external-barely-fits bs=1M count=64
dd if=/dev/urandom of=/tmp/external-toobig bs=1M count=65

# create w/ prepopulated blob dir
NEWPASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl create blob-user \
           --disk-size=min --luks-discard=yes \
           --luks-pbkdf-type=pbkdf2 --luks-pbkdf-time-cost=1ms \
           --rate-limit-interval=1s --rate-limit-burst=1000 \
           --uid=12345 \
           --blob=/tmp/blob1
inspect blob-user
PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl activate blob-user
inspect blob-user

test -d /var/cache/systemd/home/blob-user
stat -c "%u %#a" /var/cache/systemd/home/blob-user | grep "^0 0755"
test -d /home/blob-user/.identity-blob
stat -c "%u %#a" /home/blob-user/.identity-blob | grep "^12345 0700"

checkblob test1 /tmp/blob1/test1
(! checkblob test1 /tmp/blob2/test1 )
checkblob test2 /tmp/blob1/test2
(! checkblob test2 /tmp/blob2/test2 )
(! checkblob фаил /tmp/blob1/фаил )
(! checkblob test3 /tmp/external-test3 )
(! checkblob avatar /tmp/external-avatar )

# append files to existing blob, both well-known and other
PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl update blob-user \
        -b test3=/tmp/external-test3 --avatar=/tmp/external-avatar
inspect blob-user
checkblob test1 /tmp/blob1/test1
(! checkblob test1 /tmp/blob2/test1 )
checkblob test2 /tmp/blob1/test2
(! checkblob test2 /tmp/blob2/test2 )
(! checkblob фаил /tmp/blob1/фаил )
checkblob test3 /tmp/external-test3
checkblob avatar /tmp/external-avatar

# delete files from existing blob, both well-known and other
PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl update blob-user \
        -b test3= --avatar=
inspect blob-user
checkblob test1 /tmp/blob1/test1
(! checkblob test1 /tmp/blob2/test1 )
checkblob test2 /tmp/blob1/test2
(! checkblob test2 /tmp/blob2/test2 )
(! checkblob фаил /tmp/blob1/фаил )
(! checkblob test3 /tmp/external-test3 )
(! checkblob avatar /tmp/external-avatar )

# swap entire blob directory
PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl update blob-user \
        -b /tmp/blob2
inspect blob-user
(! checkblob test1 /tmp/blob1/test1 )
checkblob test1 /tmp/blob2/test1
(! checkblob test2 /tmp/blob1/test2 )
checkblob test2 /tmp/blob2/test2
(! checkblob фаил /tmp/blob1/фаил )
(! checkblob test3 /tmp/external-test3 )
(! checkblob avatar /tmp/external-avatar )

# create and delete files while swapping blob directory. Also symlinks.
PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl update blob-user \
        -b /tmp/blob1 -b test2= -b test3=/tmp/external-test3 --avatar=/tmp/external-avatar-lnk
inspect blob-user
checkblob test1 /tmp/blob1/test1
(! checkblob test1 /tmp/blob2/test1 )
(! checkblob test2 /tmp/blob1/test2 )
(! checkblob test2 /tmp/blob2/test2 )
(! checkblob фаил /tmp/blob1/фаил )
checkblob test3 /tmp/external-test3
checkblob avatar /tmp/external-avatar # target of the link

# clear the blob directory
PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl update blob-user \
        -b /tmp/blob2 -b test3=/tmp/external-test3 --blob=
inspect blob-user
(! checkblob test1 /tmp/blob1/test1 )
(! checkblob test1 /tmp/blob2/test1 )
(! checkblob test2 /tmp/blob1/test2 )
(! checkblob test2 /tmp/blob2/test2 )
(! checkblob фаил /tmp/blob1/фаил )
(! checkblob test3 /tmp/external-test3 )
(! checkblob avatar /tmp/external-avatar )

# file that's exactly 64M still fits
# FIXME: Figure out why this fails on ext4.
if [[ "$FSTYPE" != "ext2/ext3" ]]; then
    PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl update blob-user \
            -b barely-fits=/tmp/external-barely-fits
    (! checkblob test1 /tmp/blob1/test1 )
    (! checkblob test1 /tmp/blob2/test1 )
    (! checkblob test2 /tmp/blob1/test2 )
    (! checkblob test2 /tmp/blob2/test2 )
    (! checkblob фаил /tmp/blob1/фаил )
    (! checkblob test3 /tmp/external-test3 )
    (! checkblob avatar /tmp/external-avatar )
    checkblob barely-fits /tmp/external-barely-fits
fi

# error out if the file is too big
(! PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl update blob-user -b huge=/tmp/external-toobig )

# error out if filenames are invalid
(! PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl update blob-user -b .hidden=/tmp/external-test3 )
(! PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl update blob-user -b "with spaces=/tmp/external-test3" )
(! PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl update blob-user -b with=equals=/tmp/external-test3 )
(! PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl update blob-user -b файл=/tmp/external-test3 )
(! PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl update blob-user -b special@chars=/tmp/external-test3 )

# Make sure offline updates to blobs get propagated in
homectl deactivate blob-user
inspect blob-user
homectl update blob-user --offline -b barely-fits= -b propagated=/tmp/external-test3
inspect blob-user
PASSWORD=EMJuc3zQaMibJo homectl activate blob-user
inspect blob-user
(! checkblob barely-fits /tmp/external-barely-fits )
checkblob propagated /tmp/external-test3

homectl deactivate blob-user
wait_for_state blob-user inactive
homectl remove blob-user

# userdbctl tests
export PAGER=

# Create a couple of user/group records to test io.systemd.DropIn
# See docs/USER_RECORD.md and docs/GROUP_RECORD.md
mkdir -p /run/userdb/
cat >"/run/userdb/dropingroup.group" <<\EOF
{
    "groupName" : "dropingroup",
    "gid"       : 1000000
}
EOF
cat >"/run/userdb/dropinuser.user" <<\EOF
{
    "userName" : "dropinuser",
    "uid"      : 2000000,
    "realName" : "🐱",
    "memberOf" : [
        "dropingroup"
    ]
}
EOF
cat >"/run/userdb/dropinuser.user-privileged" <<\EOF
{
    "privileged" : {
        "hashedPassword" : [
            "$6$WHBKvAFFT9jKPA4k$OPY4D4TczKN/jOnJzy54DDuOOagCcvxxybrwMbe1SVdm.Bbr.zOmBdATp.QrwZmvqyr8/SafbbQu.QZ2rRvDs/"
        ],
        "sshAuthorizedKeys" : [
            "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIA//dxI2xLg4MgxIKKZv1nqwTEIlE/fdakii2Fb75pG+ foo@bar.tld",
            "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBMlaqG2rTMje5CQnfjXJKmoSpEVJ2gWtx4jBvsQbmee2XbU/Qdq5+SRisssR9zVuxgg5NA5fv08MgjwJQMm+csc= hello@world.tld"
        ]
    }
}
EOF
# Set permissions and create necessary symlinks as described in nss-systemd(8)
chmod 0600 "/run/userdb/dropinuser.user-privileged"
ln -svrf "/run/userdb/dropingroup.group" "/run/userdb/1000000.group"
ln -svrf "/run/userdb/dropinuser.user" "/run/userdb/2000000.user"
ln -svrf "/run/userdb/dropinuser.user-privileged" "/run/userdb/2000000.user-privileged"

userdbctl
userdbctl --version
userdbctl --help --no-pager
userdbctl --no-legend
userdbctl --output=classic
userdbctl --output=friendly
userdbctl --output=table
userdbctl --output=json | jq
userdbctl -j --json=pretty | jq
userdbctl -j --json=short | jq
userdbctl --with-varlink=no

userdbctl user
userdbctl user -S
userdbctl user -IS
userdbctl user -R
userdbctl user --disposition=regular --disposition=intrinsic
userdbctl user kkkk -z
userdbctl user --uid-min=100 --uid-max=100
userdbctl user -B
userdbctl user testuser
userdbctl user root
userdbctl user testuser root
userdbctl user -j testuser root | jq
# Check only UID for the nobody user, since the name is build-configurable
userdbctl user --with-nss=no --synthesize=yes
userdbctl user --with-nss=no --synthesize=yes 0 root 65534
userdbctl user dropinuser
userdbctl user 2000000
userdbctl user --with-nss=no --with-varlink=no --synthesize=no --multiplexer=no dropinuser
userdbctl user --with-nss=no 2000000
(! userdbctl user '')
(! userdbctl user 🐱)
(! userdbctl user 🐱 '' bar)
(! userdbctl user i-do-not-exist)
(! userdbctl user root i-do-not-exist testuser)
(! userdbctl user --with-nss=no --synthesize=no 0 root 65534)
(! userdbctl user -N root nobody)
(! userdbctl user --with-dropin=no dropinuser)
(! userdbctl user --with-dropin=no 2000000)

userdbctl group
userdbctl group -S
userdbctl group -IS
userdbctl group -R
userdbctl group --disposition=regular --disposition=intrinsic
userdbctl group kkkk -z
userdbctl group --uid-min=100 --uid-max=100
userdbctl group -B
userdbctl group testuser
userdbctl group root
userdbctl group testuser root
userdbctl group -j testuser root | jq
# Check only GID for the nobody group, since the name is build-configurable
userdbctl group --with-nss=no --synthesize=yes
userdbctl group --with-nss=no --synthesize=yes 0 root 65534
userdbctl group dropingroup
userdbctl group 1000000
userdbctl group --with-nss=no --with-varlink=no --synthesize=no --multiplexer=no dropingroup
userdbctl group --with-nss=no 1000000
(! userdbctl group '')
(! userdbctl group 🐱)
(! userdbctl group 🐱 '' bar)
(! userdbctl group i-do-not-exist)
(! userdbctl group root i-do-not-exist testuser)
(! userdbctl group --with-nss=no --synthesize=no 0 root 65534)
(! userdbctl group --with-dropin=no dropingroup)
(! userdbctl group --with-dropin=no 1000000)

userdbctl users-in-group
userdbctl users-in-group testuser
userdbctl users-in-group testuser root
userdbctl users-in-group -j testuser root | jq
userdbctl users-in-group 🐱
(! userdbctl users-in-group '')
(! userdbctl users-in-group foo '' bar)

userdbctl groups-of-user
userdbctl groups-of-user testuser
userdbctl groups-of-user testuser root
userdbctl groups-of-user -j testuser root | jq
userdbctl groups-of-user 🐱
(! userdbctl groups-of-user '')
(! userdbctl groups-of-user foo '' bar)

userdbctl services
userdbctl services -j | jq

varlinkctl call /run/systemd/userdb/io.systemd.Multiplexer io.systemd.UserDatabase.GetUserRecord '{"userName":"testuser","service":"io.systemd.Multiplexer"}'
varlinkctl call /run/systemd/userdb/io.systemd.Multiplexer io.systemd.UserDatabase.GetUserRecord '{"userName":"root","service":"io.systemd.Multiplexer"}'
varlinkctl call /run/systemd/userdb/io.systemd.Multiplexer io.systemd.UserDatabase.GetUserRecord '{"userName":"dropinuser","service":"io.systemd.Multiplexer"}'
varlinkctl call /run/systemd/userdb/io.systemd.Multiplexer io.systemd.UserDatabase.GetUserRecord '{"uid":2000000,"service":"io.systemd.Multiplexer"}'
(! varlinkctl call /run/systemd/userdb/io.systemd.Multiplexer io.systemd.UserDatabase.GetUserRecord '{"userName":"","service":"io.systemd.Multiplexer"}')
(! varlinkctl call /run/systemd/userdb/io.systemd.Multiplexer io.systemd.UserDatabase.GetUserRecord '{"userName":"🐱","service":"io.systemd.Multiplexer"}')
(! varlinkctl call /run/systemd/userdb/io.systemd.Multiplexer io.systemd.UserDatabase.GetUserRecord '{"userName":"i-do-not-exist","service":"io.systemd.Multiplexer"}')

userdbctl ssh-authorized-keys dropinuser | tee /tmp/authorized-keys
grep "ssh-ed25519" /tmp/authorized-keys
grep "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256" /tmp/authorized-keys
echo "my-top-secret-key 🐱" >/tmp/my-top-secret-key
userdbctl ssh-authorized-keys dropinuser --chain /usr/bin/cat /tmp/my-top-secret-key | tee /tmp/authorized-keys
grep "ssh-ed25519" /tmp/authorized-keys
grep "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256" /tmp/authorized-keys
grep "my-top-secret-key 🐱" /tmp/authorized-keys
(! userdbctl ssh-authorized-keys 🐱)
(! userdbctl ssh-authorized-keys dropin-user --chain)
(! userdbctl ssh-authorized-keys dropin-user --chain '')
(! SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL=debug userdbctl ssh-authorized-keys dropin-user --chain /usr/bin/false)

(! userdbctl '')
for opt in json multiplexer output synthesize with-dropin with-nss with-varlink; do
    (! userdbctl "--$opt=''")
    (! userdbctl "--$opt='🐱'")
    (! userdbctl "--$opt=foo")
    (! userdbctl "--$opt=foo" "--$opt=''" "--$opt=🐱")
done

# FIXME: sshd seems to crash inside asan currently, skip the actual ssh test hence
if command -v ssh >/dev/null && command -v sshd >/dev/null && ! [[ -v ASAN_OPTIONS ]]; then
    at_exit() {
        set +e

        systemctl is-active -q mysshserver.socket && systemctl stop mysshserver.socket
        rm -f /tmp/homed.id_ecdsa /run/systemd/system/mysshserver{@.service,.socket}
        systemctl daemon-reload
        wait_for_state homedsshtest inactive
        homectl remove homedsshtest
        for dir in /etc /usr/lib; do
            if [[ -f "$dir/pam.d/sshd.bak" ]]; then
                mv "$dir/pam.d/sshd.bak" "$dir/pam.d/sshd"
            fi
        done
    }

    trap at_exit EXIT

    # Test that SSH logins work with delayed unlocking
    ssh-keygen -N '' -C '' -t ecdsa -f /tmp/homed.id_ecdsa
    NEWPASSWORD=hunter4711 homectl create \
                       --disk-size=min \
                       --luks-discard=yes \
                       --luks-pbkdf-type=pbkdf2 \
                       --luks-pbkdf-time-cost=1ms \
                       --rate-limit-interval=1s \
                       --rate-limit-burst=1000 \
                       --enforce-password-policy=no \
                       --ssh-authorized-keys=@/tmp/homed.id_ecdsa.pub \
                       --stop-delay=0 \
                       homedsshtest
    homectl inspect homedsshtest

    mkdir -p /etc/ssh
    test -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key || ssh-keygen -t ecdsa -C '' -N '' -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key

    # ssh wants this dir around, but distros cannot agree on a common name for it, let's just create all that
    # are aware of distros use
    mkdir -p /usr/share/empty.sshd /var/empty /var/empty/sshd /run/sshd

    for dir in /etc /usr/lib; do
        if [[ -f "$dir/pam.d/sshd" ]]; then
            mv "$dir/pam.d/sshd" "$dir/pam.d/sshd.bak"
            cat >"$dir/pam.d/sshd" <<EOF
auth [success=done authtok_err=bad perm_denied=bad maxtries=bad default=ignore] pam_systemd_home.so
auth    sufficient pam_unix.so nullok
auth    required   pam_deny.so
account [success=done authtok_expired=bad new_authtok_reqd=bad maxtries=bad acct_expired=bad default=ignore] pam_systemd_home.so
account required   pam_unix.so
session optional   pam_systemd_home.so debug
session optional   pam_systemd.so
session required   pam_unix.so
EOF
            break
        fi
    done

    mkdir -p /etc/sshd/
    cat >/etc/ssh/sshd_config <<EOF
AuthorizedKeysCommand /usr/bin/userdbctl ssh-authorized-keys %u
AuthorizedKeysCommandUser root
UsePAM yes
AcceptEnv PASSWORD
LogLevel DEBUG3
EOF

    cat >/run/systemd/system/mysshserver.socket <<EOF
[Socket]
ListenStream=4711
Accept=yes
EOF

    cat >/run/systemd/system/mysshserver@.service <<EOF
[Service]
ExecStart=-sshd -i -d -e
StandardInput=socket
StandardOutput=socket
StandardError=journal
EOF

    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl start mysshserver.socket

    userdbctl user -j homedsshtest

    ssh -t -t -4 -p 4711 -i /tmp/homed.id_ecdsa \
        -o "SetEnv PASSWORD=hunter4711" -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" \
        homedsshtest@localhost echo zzz | tr -d '\r' | tee /tmp/homedsshtest.out
    grep -E "^zzz$" /tmp/homedsshtest.out
    rm /tmp/homedsshtest.out

    ssh -t -t -4 -p 4711 -i /tmp/homed.id_ecdsa \
        -o "SetEnv PASSWORD=hunter4711" -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" \
        homedsshtest@localhost env

    trap - EXIT
    at_exit
fi

NEWPASSWORD=hunter4711 homectl create aliastest --storage=directory --alias=aliastest2 --alias=aliastest3 --realm=myrealm

homectl inspect aliastest
homectl inspect aliastest2
homectl inspect aliastest3
homectl inspect aliastest@myrealm
homectl inspect aliastest2@myrealm
homectl inspect aliastest3@myrealm

userdbctl user aliastest
userdbctl user aliastest2
userdbctl user aliastest3
userdbctl user aliastest@myrealm
userdbctl user aliastest2@myrealm
userdbctl user aliastest3@myrealm

getent passwd aliastest
getent passwd aliastest2
getent passwd aliastest3
getent passwd aliastest@myrealm
getent passwd aliastest2@myrealm
getent passwd aliastest3@myrealm

homectl remove aliastest

NEWPASSWORD=quux homectl create tmpfsquota --storage=subvolume --dev-shm-limit=50K --tmp-limit=50K -P
for p in /dev/shm /tmp; do
    if findmnt -n -o options "$p" | grep -q usrquota; then
        # Check if we can display the quotas. If we cannot, than it's likely
        # that PID1 was also not able to set the limits and we should not fail
        # in the tests below.
        /usr/lib/systemd/tests/unit-tests/manual/test-display-quota tmpfsquota "$p" || set +e

        run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u tmpfsquota dd if=/dev/zero of="$p/quotatestfile1" bs=1024 count=30
        (! run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u tmpfsquota dd if=/dev/zero of="$p/quotatestfile2" bs=1024 count=30)
        run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u tmpfsquota rm "$p/quotatestfile1" "$p/quotatestfile2"
        run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u tmpfsquota dd if=/dev/zero of="$p/quotatestfile1" bs=1024 count=30
        run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u tmpfsquota rm "$p/quotatestfile1"

        set -e
    fi
done

systemctl stop user@"$(id -u tmpfsquota)".service
wait_for_state tmpfsquota inactive
homectl remove tmpfsquota

NEWPASSWORD=quux homectl create subareatest --storage=subvolume -P
run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest mkdir Areas
run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest cp -av /etc/skel Areas/furb
run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest cp -av /etc/skel Areas/molb
run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest ln -s /home/srub Areas/srub
run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest ln -s /root Areas/root

test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest sh -c 'echo $HOME')" = "/home/subareatest"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest sh -c 'echo x$XDG_AREA')" = "x"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest sh -c 'echo $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR')" = "/run/user/$(id -u subareatest)"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb sh -c 'echo $HOME')" = "/home/subareatest/Areas/furb"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb sh -c 'echo $XDG_AREA')" = "furb"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb sh -c 'echo $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR')" = "/run/user/$(id -u subareatest)/Areas/furb"

PASSWORD=quux homectl update subareatest --default-area=molb
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest sh -c 'echo $HOME')" = "/home/subareatest/Areas/molb"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest sh -c 'echo $XDG_AREA')" = "molb"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest sh -c 'echo $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR')" = "/run/user/$(id -u subareatest)/Areas/molb"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb sh -c 'echo $HOME')" = "/home/subareatest/Areas/furb"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb sh -c 'echo $XDG_AREA')" = "furb"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb sh -c 'echo $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR')" = "/run/user/$(id -u subareatest)/Areas/furb"

# Install a PK rule that allows 'subareatest' user to invoke run0 without password, just for testing
cat >/usr/share/polkit-1/rules.d/subareatest.rules <<'EOF'
polkit.addRule(function(action, subject) {
    if (action.id == "org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units" &&
        subject.user == "subareatest") {
        return polkit.Result.YES;
    }
});
EOF

# Test "recursive" operation
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=molb sh -c 'echo $HOME')" = "/home/subareatest/Areas/molb"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=molb sh -c 'echo $XDG_AREA')" = "molb"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=molb sh -c 'echo $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR')" = "/run/user/$(id -u subareatest)/Areas/molb"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=molb run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb sh -c 'echo $HOME')" = "/home/subareatest/Areas/furb"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=molb run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb sh -c 'echo $XDG_AREA')" = "furb"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=molb run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=furb sh -c 'echo $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR')" = "/run/user/$(id -u subareatest)/Areas/furb"

# Test symlinked area
mkdir -p /home/srub
chown subareatest:subareatest /home/srub
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=srub sh -c 'echo $HOME')" = "/home/srub"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=srub sh -c 'echo $XDG_AREA')" = "srub"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=srub sh -c 'echo $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR')" = "/run/user/$(id -u subareatest)/Areas/srub"

# Verify that login into an area not owned by target user will be redirected to main area
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=root sh -c 'echo $HOME')" = "/home/subareatest"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=root sh -c 'echo x$XDG_AREA')" = "x"
test "$(run0 --property=SetCredential=pam.authtok.systemd-run0:quux -u subareatest --area=root sh -c 'echo $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR')" = "/run/user/$(id -u subareatest)"

systemctl stop user@"$(id -u subareatest)".service

wait_for_state subareatest inactive
homectl remove subareatest

# Test signing key logic
homectl list-signing-keys | grep -q local.public
(! (homectl list-signing-keys | grep -q signtest.public))

IDENTITY='{"userName":"signtest","storage":"directory","disposition":"regular","privileged":{"hashedPassword":["$y$j9T$I5Wxfm.fyg.RRWlgWw.rI1$gnQqGtbpPexqxZJkWMq8FxQi5Swc.CWeKtM8LwvEUB6"]},"enforcePasswordPolicy":false,"lastChangeUSec":1740677608017608,"lastPasswordChangeUSec":1740677608017608,"signature":[{"data":"Gl4wtc0sMjVnsH6FQwG/0M+x0nLI5cvvdtSSCttUu1gNtXqYn0UI4wZi/7zX35ERht6XHWDlP4d6V8HiAst4Dg==","key":"-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----\nMCowBQYDK2VwAyEA6uvVaP1vh7O6nIbiOcvyIHRl4ihYSs0R7ctxtz2Zu7E=\n-----END PUBLIC KEY-----\n"}],"secret":{"password":["test"]}}'

# Try with stripping the foreign signature first, this should just work
echo "$IDENTITY" | homectl create -P --identity=- --seize=yes
wait_for_state signtest inactive
homectl remove signtest

# No try again, and don't strip the signature. It will be refused.
(! (echo "$IDENTITY" | homectl create -P --identity=- --seize=no))

print_public_key() {
    cat <<EOF
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MCowBQYDK2VwAyEA6uvVaP1vh7O6nIbiOcvyIHRl4ihYSs0R7ctxtz2Zu7E=
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
EOF
}

# Let's now add the signing key
print_public_key | homectl add-signing-key --key-name=signtest.public
homectl get-signing-key signtest.public | cmp - <(print_public_key)
homectl list-signing-keys | grep -q local.public
homectl list-signing-keys | grep -q signtest.public

# Now create the account with this, it should work now
echo "$IDENTITY" | homectl create -P --identity=- --seize=no

# Verify we can log in
PASSWORD="test" homectl with signtest true

# Remove the key, and check again ,should fail now
wait_for_state signtest inactive
homectl remove-signing-key signtest.public
wait_for_state signtest inactive
(! PASSWORD="test" homectl with signtest true)

# Verify key is really gone
homectl list-signing-keys | grep -q local.public
(! (homectl list-signing-keys | grep -q signtest.public))

# Test unregister + adopt
mkdir /home/elsewhere
mv /home/signtest.homedir /home/elsewhere/
wait_for_state signtest absent
homectl unregister signtest
print_public_key | homectl add-signing-key --key-name=signtest.public
homectl adopt /home/elsewhere/signtest.homedir
PASSWORD="test" homectl with signtest true

# Test register
wait_for_state signtest inactive
homectl unregister signtest
homectl register /home/elsewhere/signtest.homedir/.identity
wait_for_state signtest absent
homectl unregister signtest

# Test automatic fixation for anything in /home/
mv /home/elsewhere/signtest.homedir /home
rmdir /home/elsewhere
wait_for_exist signtest
PASSWORD="test" homectl with signtest true

# add signing key via credential
wait_for_state signtest inactive
homectl remove-signing-key signtest.public
(! (homectl list-signing-keys | grep -q signtest.public))
systemd-run --wait -p "SetCredential=home.add-signing-key.signtest.public:$(print_public_key)" homectl firstboot
homectl list-signing-keys | grep -q signtest.public

# register user via credential
mkdir /home/elsewhere2
mv /home/signtest.homedir /home/elsewhere2/
wait_for_state signtest absent
homectl unregister signtest
systemd-run --wait -p "LoadCredential=home.register.signtest:/home/elsewhere2/signtest.homedir/.identity" homectl firstboot
homectl inspect signtest
wait_for_state signtest absent
homectl unregister signtest
mv /home/elsewhere2/signtest.homedir /home/
rmdir /home/elsewhere2

# Remove it all again
wait_for_exist signtest
homectl remove-signing-key signtest.public
homectl remove signtest

# Test positive and negative matching
NEWPASSWORD=test homectl create --storage=directory --nice=5 -P matchtest
homectl inspect matchtest
homectl inspect matchtest | grep "Nice: 5"
PASSWORD=test homectl update -N --nice=7 -T --nice=3 matchtest
homectl inspect matchtest
homectl inspect matchtest | grep "Nice: 3"
PASSWORD=test homectl update -A --default-area=quux1 matchtest
homectl inspect matchtest
homectl inspect matchtest | grep "Area: quux1"
PASSWORD=test homectl update -N --default-area=quux2 matchtest
homectl inspect matchtest
homectl inspect matchtest | grep "Area: quux1"
PASSWORD=test homectl update -T --default-area=quux3 matchtest
homectl inspect matchtest
homectl inspect matchtest | grep "Area: quux3"
homectl remove matchtest

touch /testok