udev: scan partitions and trigger synthetic change events in child process

Rereading partition table may take longer on slow disk. The main process
should not be blocked by the operation. Let's fork a child process and
do that on the child.

Prompted by #36624 and #36269.

src/udev/udev-manager.c

@@ -153,6 +153,7 @@ Manager* manager_free(Manager *manager) {
         sd_varlink_server_unref(manager->varlink_server);
 
         sd_event_source_unref(manager->inotify_event);
+        set_free(manager->synthesize_change_child_event_sources);
         sd_event_source_unref(manager->kill_workers_event);
         sd_event_unref(manager->event);
 
@@ -895,9 +896,18 @@ static int synthesize_change_all(sd_device *dev) {
         return r;
 }
 
-static int synthesize_change(sd_device *dev) {
+static int synthesize_change_child_handler(sd_event_source *s, const siginfo_t *si, void *userdata) {
+        Manager *manager = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+        assert(s);
+
+        sd_event_source_unref(set_remove(manager->synthesize_change_child_event_sources, s));
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int synthesize_change(Manager *manager, sd_device *dev) {
         int r;
 
+        assert(manager);
         assert(dev);
 
         const char *sysname;
@@ -908,7 +918,37 @@ static int synthesize_change(sd_device *dev) {
         if (startswith(sysname, "dm-") || block_device_is_whole_disk(dev) <= 0)
                 return synthesize_change_one(dev, dev);
 
-        return synthesize_change_all(dev);
+        _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef pidref = PIDREF_NULL;
+        r = pidref_safe_fork(
+                        "(udev-synth)",
+                        FORK_RESET_SIGNALS|FORK_CLOSE_ALL_FDS|FORK_DEATHSIG_SIGTERM|FORK_LOG|FORK_RLIMIT_NOFILE_SAFE,
+                        &pidref);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+        if (r == 0) {
+                /* child */
+                (void) synthesize_change_all(dev);
+                _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+        }
+
+        _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp) sd_event_source *s = NULL;
+        r = event_add_child_pidref(manager->event, &s, &pidref, WEXITED, synthesize_change_child_handler, manager);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add child event source for "PID_FMT", ignoring: %m", pidref.pid);
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        r = sd_event_source_set_child_pidfd_own(s, true);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+        TAKE_PIDREF(pidref);
+
+        r = set_ensure_put(&manager->synthesize_change_child_event_sources, &event_source_hash_ops, s);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+        TAKE_PTR(s);
+
+        return 0;
 }
 
 static int on_inotify(sd_event_source *s, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
@@ -955,7 +995,7 @@ static int on_inotify(sd_event_source *s, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userda
                 log_device_debug(dev, "Received inotify event for %s.", devnode);
 
                 (void) event_queue_assume_block_device_unlocked(manager, dev);
-                (void) synthesize_change(dev);
+                (void) synthesize_change(manager, dev);
         }
 
         return 0;
@@ -1055,7 +1095,7 @@ static int on_post(sd_event_source *s, void *userdata) {
         if (manager->exit)
                 return sd_event_exit(manager->event, 0);
 
-        if (manager->cgroup)
+        if (manager->cgroup && set_isempty(manager->synthesize_change_child_event_sources))
                 /* cleanup possible left-over processes in our cgroup */
                 (void) cg_kill(manager->cgroup, SIGKILL, CGROUP_IGNORE_SELF, /* set=*/ NULL, /* kill_log= */ NULL, /* userdata= */ NULL);
 

src/udev/udev-manager.h

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ typedef struct Manager {
         /* used by udev-watch */
         int inotify_fd;
         sd_event_source *inotify_event;
+        Set *synthesize_change_child_event_sources;
 
         sd_event_source *kill_workers_event;